Dual Enrollment Biology Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• Which statement describes the overall impact of photosynthesis on atmospheric CO2?
• Why are X-linked recessive traits more frequently expressed in males?
• What is a point mutation and how can it affect a gene's function?
• What happens to NADH and FADH2 as they donate electrons in the electron transport chain?
• What is the electron transport chain's final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration, and what is produced to drive ATP synthesis?
• Which statement about DNA location is accurate for prokaryotes?
• What is a keystone species and give an example?
• In what year did the number of pesticide-resistant species first reach 150?
• What is allosteric regulation and how does it affect enzyme activity?
• Emergent properties refer to
• Proteases catalyze the digestion of which type of biomolecule?
• Which kingdom consists of multicellular eukaryotes that obtain their food by ingesting other organisms?
• During meiosis, which stage is crossing over most associated with?
• Which enzyme fixes atmospheric CO2 in the Calvin cycle, and what is the initial five-carbon sugar it carboxylates?
• In negative feedback for homeostasis, which statement is true?
• Which statement about biomes is true?
• In eukaryotic transcription, the TATA box is a promoter element that helps position RNA polymerase II. Which option describes its role?
• What is the function of the red panda's enlarged radial sesamoid?
• In drug-resistant tuberculosis, natural selection means?
• Regarding DNA location and organelles, what is true?
• Which pair of plant hormones are primarily involved in growth regulation, with one promoting cell elongation and apical dominance and the other promoting cell division?
• A single-celled eukaryotic organism that is not a consumer or decomposer would most likely belong to which group?
• What are the two main stages of photosynthesis and where do they occur?
• Approximately 10 percent of energy is transferred to the next trophic level because
• Which feature is unique to bacteria and commonly targeted by antibiotics to minimize harm to human cells?
• Which of the following represents energy flow from sunlight to herbivores?
• Which of the following is a mechanism that generates genetic variation in populations?
• In a dihybrid cross with independent assortment, what phenotypic ratio is expected in the F2 generation?
• What is the broadest taxonomic rank mentioned in the material?
• How can gel electrophoresis be used to analyze DNA fragments?
• Explain the flow of energy through an ecosystem using a trophic pyramid, and why energy decreases at higher levels.
• Which analogy best describes the process of science?
• What is the role of mitochondria in apoptosis, and why is this important for development and disease?
• In an experiment, the dependent variable is defined as
• Which experiment would best determine if the green anole lizards' diet was affected by their change in habitat?
• How does transcription initiation differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
• Which option correctly pairs DNA form with cell type?
• What is the role of an active site in enzyme catalysis?
• Which of the following statements is related to Darwin's theories of evolution by natural selection?
• What is a clade, and why is monophyly important in constructing phylogenies?
• Yoel submitted an article describing his results, which was reviewed by other scientists.
• What are the main steps of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
• Members of the kingdom Animalia can obtain
• The type of test that changes only one variable at a time in order to isolate the results is known as a _______.
• In commensalism, which statement is true?
• Which organelle is the primary site of ATP production during aerobic respiration?
• Which statement correctly distinguishes correlation from causation?
• What does gel electrophoresis separate, and how is it used in biology labs?
• What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
• Define simple diffusion and give an example relevant to biology.
• What is the proton motive force in mitochondria?
• Briefly describe the mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9 and its genome-editing capability.
• Which chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins?
• Which component of scientific inquiry involves proposing a tentative explanation that can be tested through experiments?
• Which component is essential for initiation of transcription in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes?
• Differentiate between incomplete dominance and codominance with an example for each.
• Which statement is true about DNA in prokaryotic cells versus eukaryotic cells?
• Which interaction describes one species benefiting while the other is unaffected?
• Which description correctly contrasts DNA location and organelle presence?
• Which statement best describes how emergent properties arise?
• A Punnett square is used to predict...
• If green anoles face predation by ground-dwelling predators, which hypothesis is plausible?
• Distinguish allopatric and sympatric speciation.
• The one variable that is manipulated by a scientist as a potential cause in an experiment is the _________.
• Which stage yields the most ATP per glucose molecule?
• Estimate ATP yield per glucose under ideal conditions.
• Which statement correctly describes codominance with a classic example?
• Which reasoning method uses general principles to predict specific outcomes that should occur if the general principle is true?
• What describes the primary function of xylem and the mechanism by which water moves from roots to leaves?
• Genetic and molecular data support evolution by showing...
• A hypothesis must be testable and ____-- there must be some observation or experiment that could show that it is not true.
• Which statement best describes incomplete dominance?
• What term best describes the process of having research reviewed by other scientists for critique before publication?
• Which of the following best describes an ecosystem?
• Which statement best describes mutualism in symbiotic relationships?
• What is a monophyletic group?
• Why are X-linked disorders more common in males?
• Which of the following best describes the role of phagocytes in innate immunity?
• In a single-blind experiment, who knows which participants receive the treatment?
• Which statement best contrasts innate and adaptive immunity?
• Which statement illustrates correlation without implying causation?
• Politicians may develop new policies to protect species from environmental changes.
• Which statement is accurate about DNA and organelles in cells?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between tissues and organ systems?
• Which statement differentiates exponential population growth from logistic growth?
• Which of the following is considered evidence for evolution?
• Which step is NOT part of a standard PCR cycle?
• How would you best describe an action potential in neurons?
• ________ are a diverse collection of mostly single-celled eukaryotes, which are sorted into several kingdoms to reflect their evolutionary relationships.
• In a double-blind experiment, which statement is true?
• A mutation that converts a sense codon to a stop codon is called what?
• Which factor describes gene flow?
• Which scenario best illustrates sympatric speciation?
• What is the null hypothesis?
• Which description matches a prokaryotic cell?
• Which statement best describes the overall trend in the data from 1900 to 2000?
• Which statement about the properties of life is false?
• In the nitrogen cycle, which form is most readily assimilated by plants?
• Which statement correctly contrasts mitosis and meiosis?
• In what year did the count first exceed 40?
• What does energy processing refer to?
• What is the best title for a graph showing the number of pesticide-resistant insect species over time?
• Which description best illustrates a negative feedback loop in homeostasis?
• Which product is produced by the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
• Which sequence is NOT a correct pathway of energy through an ecosystem?
• What is the primary role of a control group in an experiment?
• Which organelle conducts photosynthesis in plants and algae, and where do light-dependent reactions occur?
• Which term describes the factor that a researcher monitors to determine the effect of the experimental treatment?
• Describe the lytic and lysogenic cycles of a bacteriophage.
• Describe how genetic recombination occurs during meiosis.
• The chemical energy used by most organisms for metabolism and growth ultimately comes from __________.
• In an experiment testing a fertilizer's effect on plant growth, which group serves as the control?
• In gel electrophoresis, the distance a DNA band migrates primarily reflects what property of the fragment?
• If the creators of the robot wanted to provide evidence that it is alive, which of the following properties would be best to use as evidence?
• In the beetles, what leads directly to reproductive success?
• Describe the fluid mosaic model and three components that maintain its function.
• A scientist notes that ornamental grass grown in a creek bed is taller than the same type of grass grown on the creek bank. The scientist suspects that this difference is due to water availability. This proposed explanation is a(n)
• In Darwinian natural selection, which statement is true?
• Why is proper data visualization important in interpreting experimental results?
• The red panda's enlarged radial sesamoid functions as what?
• Which statement is true?
• What is a null hypothesis, and why is it important in experimental design?
• Which scenario best illustrates allopatric speciation?
• What is the sequence of events in neuronal signaling when a nerve impulse is transmitted to the next neuron?
• How does a ribosome translate mRNA into a protein, and what is the start codon?
• A(n) _______ is broader in scope than a hypothesis, is supported by a large body of evidence, and generates many new hypotheses.
• What type of macromolecule are amino acids and what bond links them in proteins?
• Which statement best exemplifies natural selection leading to antibiotic resistance in bacteria?
• What is genetic drift?
• In Mendel's law of segregation as applied to a monohybrid cross, what happens to the two alleles for a gene during gamete formation?
• Which kingdom primarily consists of organisms that are autotrophic and photosynthetic and have cell walls made of cellulose?
• Which is true about eukaryotic cells?
• Which kingdom includes eukaryotic organisms that mostly decompose organic wastes and absorb nutrients into their cells?
• Which outcome category focuses on how scientific findings affect society?
• Which of the following correctly pairs each major biogeochemical cycle with a key form of its nutrient?
• Yoel collected data on the size of green anole toe pads.
• What was the approximate count in 1986?
• Which statement about carrying capacity is true or most accurately reflects its meaning?
• In the beetles, what leads to reproductive success?
• Which of the following is NOT a domain in the three-domain system?
• Carrying capacity is defined as
• During meiosis, when do crossing over events occur?
• Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
• What is post-translational modification?
• Which of the following is a scientific hypothesis?
• Which waste product is released during the Krebs cycle per glucose?
• Between 1981 and 1984, the number of pesticide-resistant species increased by approximately:
• A(n) _______ is a proposed explanation for a set of observations. It leads to predictions that can be tested by additional observations or by experiments.
• In a study examining how light intensity affects plant height, what is the dependent variable?
• All organisms with eukaryotic cells are grouped in domain _________.
• Which metabolic pathway occurs in the mitochondria and contributes to ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation?
• A single-celled eukaryotic organism that is neither a consumer nor a decomposer would most likely be classified in
• What are the main outputs of the Krebs cycle per glucose molecule?
• Which mechanism during meiosis contributes to genetic diversity aside from crossing over?
• A _________ establishes a base line for an experiment.
• Which term describes a tentative explanation that can be tested by experiments?
• Which of the following is an example of an emergent property?
• What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
• In a study on how light level affects plant growth, which is the independent variable?
• Which statement correctly contrasts nervous and endocrine signaling?
• What gas exchange occurs in the alveoli during respiration?
• Organisms with prokaryotic cells are separated into two ________, Bacteria and Archaea.
• In a single-blind experiment, which group is unaware of the treatment allocation?
• How are nucleotides structured, and which bonds connect the sugar to the phosphate and the bases to the sugar?
• Which statement best describes the implication of a violation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
• Which type of ribosome is characteristic of bacteria and mitochondria and is a common antibiotic target?
• A(n) ____ involves both an experimental group and a control group, which are alike except for the one variable that the experiment is designed to test.
• Which of the following is NOT a mechanism that generates genetic variation? (Note: Mitosis is not a variation-generating process)
• A ________ is a group in which no response is expected.
• Which statement about chemical nutrients in an ecosystem is true?
• Which sequence correctly describes steps of protein synthesis?
• Which feature distinguishes eukaryotic from prokaryotic cells regarding DNA organization?
• To be scientifically valid, a hypothesis must be
• Which of the following is an example of a regulatory element in eukaryotes?
• What is the basic purpose of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in molecular biology?
• During photosynthesis, from which molecule is the oxygen gas released in the light-dependent reactions?
• __________ uses 'if... then' logic to proceed from a general hypothesis to specific predictions of results that can be expected if the general premise is true.
• Most of the prokaryotes known as _______ live in extreme environments, such as salty lakes.
• ________ are the most diverse and widespread prokaryotes.
• Under antibiotic pressure, natural selection means what?
• Which option correctly pairs a process with its cycle?
• In what year did the number exceed 800 for the first time?
• What is the primary function of phloem in vascular plants?
• Which description correctly contrasts the nucleus and organelles between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
• Which statement is true?
• Where do the light-dependent reactions occur in the chloroplast?
• What general pattern is shown from 1900 to 2000?
• The role of a control in an experiment is to
• Which of the following is a line of evidence for evolution?
• What is a plasmid, and how is it used in genetic engineering?
• In photosynthesis, what do plants use sunlight to do?
• Compare exponential growth to logistic growth in populations and define carrying capacity.
• Which statement describes a typical gene?
• Which statement is true about organisms in the Plantae kingdom?
• Which of the following alternate hypotheses could explain Yoel's results that on some islands, green anole lizards live higher in the trees and have larger toe pads?
• Which of the following is an example of a regulated variable in homeostasis?
• Independent assortment describes how...
• Which statement accurately describes the relationship between ecosystems and communities?
• What is the role of voltage-gated ion channels in a neuron during an action potential?
• Which statement correctly describes the location and transport roles of xylem and phloem?
• Using a type of logic, a generalized conclusion can often be drawn from a large number of specific observations.
• Between which years did the number show the largest increase?
• Which pairing correctly matches a plant hormone with its primary growth-regulating role?
• Which statement best describes fermentation?
• Which of the following represents the correct sequence of blood flow through the heart starting from the right atrium?
• What is the purpose of a negative control?
• How can climate change affect biodiversity and ecosystem services?
• Which valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery?
• Which term refers to a broad explanation supported by a large body of evidence and that generates new hypotheses?
• Which statement best defines allele frequency and its change over time?
• Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium requires which of the following absent in the population?
• Explain the concept of nutrient limitation and its effect on population growth.
• Speciation is best defined as the process by which
• What conditions must hold for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
• Approximately how many pesticide-resistant species were there in 1987?
• Which statement is NOT true about discoveries from comparing DNA sequences across many species?
• All of the cardiac cells working together can cause the robot leg to move in a way that individual cells could not. This is an example of
• Which statement correctly distinguishes allopatric and sympatric speciation?
• Which statement correctly describes the two stages of photosynthesis and their outputs?
• Which description best captures how science progresses?
• Which enzyme digests starch (a carbohydrate)?
• Which of the following best describes prokaryotic cells?
• Which statement about prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells is correct?
• What general process do scientists use to ask and answer questions about nature?
• What is a chromosome and what is its function?
• What is the best evidence that habitat change affected green anole diet?
• Which process is correctly paired with its cycle?
• Which statement best describes prokaryotes?
• During glycolysis, what are the net products per glucose molecule?
• Which describes allopatric speciation?
• In osmosis, what happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?
• Which statement about memory in the adaptive immune system is true?
• In scientific inquiry, which description best defines a hypothesis?
• Kingdom Plantae consists of multicellular eukaryotes that produce their food by photosynthesis.
• An emergent property is best described as
• Natural selection requires which combination of factors?